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Dhamek Stupa: Where the Seed of the Path of Non-violence was Sown

After attaining enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, Gautama Buddha arrived at Sarnath and delivered his first sermon here. This event of the sermon is known as the Dharmachakra Pravartan Sutra. It is said that the foundation of Buddhist teachings and the Sangha (community of monks) was laid with this first sermon. Buddhism gradually spread to the world after this incident.

Exactly where the Buddha gave his sermon, Emperor Ashoka had the Dhamek Stupa built in 528 BCE. It is said that the relics (bodily remains) of Mahatma Buddha are kept inside this stupa. Thus, it is an extremely sacred place not only for Buddhists but for all Indians. (Lord Buddha is considered the ninth incarnation of Vishnu by Hindus.)

During the Mauryan Empire, Sarnath was a major learning centre for Buddhist teachings. Many Buddhist monks lived h...

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This place was completely missing from the map until 1775 when the British started excavating it. Now the entire place is under the Archaeological Survey of India and excavation work is still going on here.

The Dhamek Stupa is a magnificent and massive cylindrical structure with a height of 43 metres and a diameter of 28 metres. The lower part of this massive stupa appears different from the upper part because the construction of the upper part seems incomplete. The importance of this place lies not in its buildings but in the testimony of history.

Despite being so significant, it has not yet been declared a World Heritage Site, but efforts are on to include it in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Overall, Dhamek Stupa of Sarnath is a sacred land where you can not only learn about Buddha's teachings and his life but also absorb the peace of this place and bring about a c...

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The Most Convenient Way to Reach Dhamekh Stupa Sarnath, Uttar Pradesh:

Sarnath is located just 11 kilometres from Varanasi or Banaras (Kashi), the popular spiritual station in UP.

By Air: Varanasi International Airport (Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport) is the nearest to Sarnath. You can hire a taxi from the airport after discussing your scheduled itinerary with the cab owner.

By Train: The best option is to get down at Varanasi Junction railway station and then take a taxi, autorickshaw, or cab to reach Sarnath.

By Road: You can either drive your vehicle to Sarnath or take a direct bus to Varanasi. Various cities offer one-night journey buses to Varanasi, such as Jabalpur, Patna, Kanpur, Prayagraj, Ayodhya, and Lucknow.

Note: If you don't find a direct train to Varanasi, you can execute a connecting journey via Prayagraj or Aurangabad. You can also rent a bike in Varanasi to cover all the places near Sarnath and Varanasi.

Tip: Travellers interested in learning about Buddhism can plan a combined journey with Sarnath and Bodh Gaya.

Must Know Things If You're Planning a trip to Dhamek Stupa, Sarnath (UP):

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Type:Stupa
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Days Required:2-3 Days
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Best time:Oct-Nov
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Distance from Varanasi:10 Km
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Distance from Prayagraj:120 Km
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Nearest Airport:Varanasi International Airport (VNS)
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Nearest Railway Station:Varanasi Jn (BSB)
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PTVI Rating:8/10
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Estimated Budget for Couple:12-15K
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Highlights:Stupas, Monasteries, Museum, Parks, Ghats
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Places to cover when visiting Sarnath Stupa, Varanasi (UP):

Dhamek Stupa: As we mentioned in the introduction, this is an ancient stupa dating back over 2000 years, within which the remains of Lord Buddha's relics are claimed to be kept. It is a massive stupa standing 43 metres tall, with the upper part appearing to be unfinished. 

Apart from the stupa, remnants of other structures can be seen here, which were destroyed by the Muslim invader Bakhtiyar Khilji. The place is extremely peaceful, and its purity can be felt as soon as you step into the premises.

Mulagandha Kuti Vihara: This site, known as the Monastery of the Fragrant Relic Chamber or the Sri Lankan Temple, is a sacred Buddhist monastery. It is believed that after attaining enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, Buddha spent the rainy season here in seclusion and gave sermons to his disciples. 

Made of red sandstone, this monastery has a prayer hall and a replica of the Dhamek Stupa. Its architectural style reflects a blend of traditional Indian and Buddhist elements. The Maha Bodhi Society constructed its present form in 1931. A Bodhi tree has also been planted here.

Archaeological Museum: This museum was started in 1910 by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), established under British rule. It is one of the oldest and most important museums in India. The Ashok Pillar, the national emblem of India, and the wheel that appears on the national flag are preserved in this museum. There is a collection of many sculptures of Buddha depicting different postures. The Sarnath Museum also houses a large collection of unique terracotta artefacts.

Deer Park (Isipatana): Deer Park or Isipatana is a complex adjacent to the Sarnath Archaeological Complex where a large herd of deer can be seen, managed by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). This place, though historically significant, is now just a place where deer reside. If you are with children, they will surely enjoy seeing the large-horned deer.

Chaukhandi Stupa: This stupa is extremely important from the point of view of understanding Buddha's life and his journey after attaining enlightenment. It is said that Lord Buddha met his first five disciples after his first sermon at this very place. 

The Chaukhandi Stupa is also a massive structure similar to the Dhamek Stupa, which underwent modifications in the latter half of the 16th century. The main modification is the octagonal tower currently visible, which is attributed to Govardhan, the son of Raja Todarmal.

Thai Temple: This Thai temple, with its vibrant colours, intricate carvings, and distinctive tiered roofs, presents itself differently from the entire atmosphere. It is famous for its architectural style. These Thai-style temples are generally known as Wat Thai. This temple was built in 1933 by the Maha Bodhi Society of Thailand, adding a vibrant touch to the land of Buddha, Sarnath. It is within walking distance of the Sarnath Stupa.

Tibetan Temple: The Lhaden Chotrul Monlam Chenmo Monastery adds a different dimension to the rich tapestry of Buddhist traditions in Sarnath. It served as a refuge for Tibetan refugees fleeing political turmoil in their homeland. It now functions similarly to other Tibetan temples, with a large statue of Buddha and traditional practices followed.

Varanasi: It is also a coincidence that the city of Buddha, Sarnath, and the city of Shiva, Kashi, exist together. If you have come to Sarnath, do not return without experiencing Kashi. The ghats and temples here are unparalleled. In addition to visiting places like Kashi Vishwanath, Dashashwamedh Ghat, Assi Ghat, etc., you can enjoy a boat ride on the Ganges, take a dip in the holy Ganges, and capture the incredible view of the Ganges in your eyes.

Things to do during the trip to Dhamek Stupa, Sarnath (UP):

Learn about the Life Journey of Buddha and Teachings of Buddhism

Dhamek Stupa and other historical sites offer glimpses into the life journey of Siddhartha Gautama Buddha. Here, you can explore the Dharmachakra Pravartana Sutra, Panchsheel, and other teachings of Buddha that can guide you towards alleviating suffering. Engage with monks in the temples to understand why "Ahimsa" (non-violence) is considered the most prominent practice in Buddhism.

Delve Deep into the History of the Mauryan and Gupta Empires

As you uncover layers of history, you'll discover that the basic ideas of liberation and democracy were introduced by Gautama Buddha. The Mauryan and Gupta Empires made India one of the wealthiest countries in the world. Their administrative techniques and law and order were exemplary, even by today's standards. While Buddhism was predominant, the worship of deities also played a significant role in rituals.

Meditate on the Sacred Land of Sarnath and Varanasi

Whether you follow Buddha or Shiva, both teach techniques of meditation. In Sarnath and Varanasi, you will experience a profound separation from body and mind. Sarnath offers numerous tranquil spots for relaxed meditation. Additionally, Buddhist temples in the area offer courses where you can learn various methods of meditation.

Don't Miss the Delicious Chaat of Banaras

Varanasi, being an ancient city, offers a culinary experience as rich and diverse as its history. The city's special dishes have been gaining fame for decades, and no tourist leaves without tasting them. Must-visit spots include Pizzeria at Assi Ghat, Blue Lassi, Baati Chokha, Chachi Ki Kachori, Thandai Ghar, Shreeji Sweets, and of course, the famous Gama or Chaurasia Pan.

Photo Gallery of Sarnath Stupa, Uttar Pradesh:

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Tips to consider when planning a trip to Sarnath Stupa:

  • If you're visiting Sarnath to learn about Buddhism, consider planning a combined trip to Sarnath and Bodh Gaya for a more comprehensive experience. 
  • Hiring an experienced guide in Sarnath is highly recommended to enhance your exploration.
  • When you're near Kashi, visiting the ghats and experiencing the Ganges Aarti is a must. 
  • Although the monsoon season offers cooler temperatures, the humidity can be uncomfortable and may hinder your enjoyment.
  • Leave your baggage at the hotel to move freely and enjoy your exploration. 
  • Always behave responsibly when entering sacred places, such as temples or heritage sites.
  • Take breaks, absorb vibes, and avoid littering. 

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Frequently Asked Questions

The best time to visit Sarnath is during the early or late winter months.
A Stupa is an inverted bowl-shaped structure built by followers of Buddha to house his relics. Buddha, who opposed idol worship, permitted his followers to create these structures for reverence.
A Vihara is a settlement for Buddhist scholars, providing all necessary facilities for living and studying in one place.
Between 1194 and 1202 AD, Sarnath and other Buddhist Viharas were looted, and thousands of scholars were murdered. Historical accounts attribute these events to either Bakhtiyar Khilji or Qutub-ud-din Aibak.
The visiting hours for Dhamek Stupa depend on the season. Generally, it is open from sunrise to sunset.
Expert guides can be found at the entrance of the Stupa complex. Ensure to check their licences before hiring.
Yes, paid parking is available outside the Dhamek and Chaukhundi Stupas.
Dashashvamedh Ghat is the best place to experience the Ganges Aarti. For the best view, consider boarding a boat.
The original Ashoka Stambha and Wheel are preserved in the Sarnath Museum.
While there is no official dress code from the Stupa administration or ASI, respectful attire is recommended as it is a religious site.
Yes, videography is allowed in the Stupa areas. However, it is restricted in the Sarnath Museum.
No, Sarnath does not have a separate railway station.

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Sarnath Stupa, UP - Places To Visit India